ABSTRACT
Speed read Crises, shocks and volatility to food systems becoming the new norm Policy focus should shift to ‘permanent crisis resilience' – report Local groups could be key to gender inclusion, data collection [SYDNEY] A shift towards permanent "crisis resilience” from short-term aid is crucial to mitigate increasingly frequent shocks to the global food system and tackle rising global hunger, say food policy researchers. Rob Vos, IFPRI's director of markets, trade and institutions, says a closer connection is needed between early warning systems that monitor global food market volatility and those that monitor food insecurity at the local level. "Both systems further need to pay more attention to monitoring the risk factors that underly food supply or price shocks as that cause food crises,” Vos tells SciDev.Net.
ABSTRACT
Agriculture has been India's main profession for centuries. According to the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, the need for edible grains will increase to 345 million tones in the next decade, however its role in India's GDP has recently declined. The current situation of farmers is disappointing as most of them live in severe poverty. They have to take loans to make ends meet and at times it becomes difficult to repay the loan. Our portal aims at providing crop seeds and fertilizers at cheap prices. The option of renting farming equipment would also be available. The cutting-edge technology which has been used over the past few years, has been lagging when it comes to farming. The main reason for this is both the disregard of these technologies and also the inaccessibility. Though farmers strive hard, even in this 21st century, they are bamboozled by third party retailers, which increases their poverty. In this covid pandemic, there was a huge demand for the agricultural products but it was difficult to get all the materials as well as information online. The solution to all the problems is Agro marketing which would make everything easy and secure. E-Farming provides a way for farmers to buy produce with only a basic knowledge of how to use the internet. This website is a centralized approach to guide farmers in all aspects and display current market prices of various products without brokers' cost. It will also include various government agricultural programs and access to new cultivation techniques. [2] The farmer will also be helped in the harvesting process by giving them a 6-day weather forecast and a schedule via SMS provided by the system. Along with this, they will be able to connect with agro health advisors to raise their queries regarding crop health and efficient farming techniques. © 2022 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
Climate change and its impacts on agriculture have been widely discussed at national and global levels. An important aspect of the discussion has been adaptation/mitigation approaches. Consequently, several strategies have been suggested as measures to ensure agriculture remains productively profitable. However, food security especially in critical times, such as the lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic proved to be a challenge even for regions naturally endowed for agriculture. The study evaluated research recommended strategies, and further examined the innovativeness of the strategies in fostering sustainable agricultural innovation system (AIS) in the Niger Delta. The study relied on both secondary and primary data; analysed 129 previous studies and gathered responses from 282 extension agents. The study introduces a method for assessing the innovativeness of strategies by calculating their rated values on five traits. Findings revealed the issues and implications of adopting most recommended strategies and the place of most strategies in fostering AIS. The study highlights the possible reasons why farmers fail to adopt most strategies as suggested by studies on climate change in the region. Based on the findings, recommendations were made on the way forward. The study adds to the scanty discussion of climate change and AIS at regional levels, particularly in the climate change prone and oil rich Niger Delta region. The study offers a novel approach for scoring innovations in agriculture.
ABSTRACT
Laimburg Research Centre is the research centre for agriculture and food quality in South Tyrol. Agriculture in the Alpine region is suffering the intense pressure of its less favourable socio-economic and topographical conditions, together with the effects of climate change. The Laimburg Research Centre carries out research projects to provide in-depth knowledge about winegrowing, from growing techniques through to plant protection systems. The aim is to provide a solid knowledge base and practical answers for farmers and growers to be able to better face the challenges of the future.
ABSTRACT
Para reduzir ao máximo o avanço do novo coronavirus foram implementadas açöes que visaram o achatamento da curva de contágio, como principal medida o distanciamento social com suspensāo parcial ou total das atividades comerciais, incluindo o trabalho nas feiras livres. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo identificar os efeitos da pandemia na produçao e na comercializaçao de agricultores familiares, feirantes do Projeto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Porto Seguro, em Marabá (PA). O estudo foi realizado por meio de pesquisa de campo e aplicaçao de um questionário, com questoes sobre o perfil do agricultor, características das atividades desempenhadas e os impactos da pandemia. Em meio as abordagens qualitativas e quantitativas, os dados foram tabulados e interpretados por meio de análise descritiva. Os resultados indicaram aumento na produçao dos agricultores e mudanças nas práticas sanitárias adotadas. Apesar disso, a comercializaçao sofreu diminuiçao e os preços se mantiveram estáveis ao comprometer diretamente a renda familiar. Logo, o auxilio emergencial foi fundamental a complementaçao da renda. Para se informar sobre a pandemia, os agricultores utilizaram principalmente televisáo, rádio e o WhatsApp, visto algumas dificuldades de acesso a Internet. Os principais pontos negativos da pandemia, conforme a visāo dos entrevistados, foram o fechamento do comercio, dificuldades nas vendas, prejuizos a saúde e perda de produtos. Já em relaçao ao ponto positivo, alguns relataram a criaçao da feira on-line, que se tornou uma soluçao, para conseguirem realizar a comercializaçao de seus produtos e entregar ao cliente.Alternate :Several actions were deployed to contain the propagation of the new coronavirus and the flattening of the contagion curve, or rather, social distancing with partial or total suspension of commercial activities, including agricultural fairs. Current research identifies the effects of the pandemic on production and commercialization by family farmers in the Project of Sustainable Development Porto Seguro in Marabá PA Brazil. Study comprised field research and the application of a questionnaire with questions on the farmer's profile, characteristics of activities and impacts by the pandemic. Data from qualitative and quantitative approaches were tabulated and interpreted by descriptive analysis. Results showed a production increase by farmers and changes in sanitary practices. However, trade decreased and prices remained stable, impairing family income. Emergency help was important for income supplementation. Farmers had at their disposal TV, radio and WhatsApp for information, even though access to the Internet was not without difficulties. According to the interviewees, the pandemic's main negative items were lockouts, difficulties in selling, impairment of health and loss of products. Positive items comprised on-line agricultural fair, a new solution for reaching clients.
ABSTRACT
Dear Authors and (Online) Participants of MMTES-IV, International Scientific Conference «Mathematical Modeling of Technical and Economic Systems in Agriculture (MMTES-IV)» was successfully held online on November 17-19, 2021 at the Department of Mathematical Modeling and Computer Science (location of organizers - Volgograd, Agricultural University, Russian Federation). Due to COVID-2019 and the pandemic-related nationwide lockdowns and other coordinated restrictive measures, the organizers decided to hold a conference in a virtual format with the organization of access for all participants to the presented reports with comprehensive discussion for ensuring the event at a high scientific level.The safety and well-being of all conference participants is our priority. The COVID-19 is unpredictable, so conference postponement met uncertainty, while many scholars and researchers want to attend this long-waited conference and have academic exchanges with their peers. But we want to note that there are no barriers to science, and we continue to work on our research areas remotely, using modern technical means. The conference was held virtually for 2 days (November 17-19, 2021) including keynote and invited speeches, authors’ presentation session. The event was held online using Zoom communication platform for synchronous conversation. The conference was organized as a large-scale online meeting of participants in topical sessions with the opportunity for speakers to provide regulated demonstrations of slides and video files according to the approved technical program. Each speaker had 15 min presentation and 5 min Q&A session. There were always 20-25 participants in the network. During the online presentation, participants discussed more than 50 questions on the problems of modeling technical and economic systems in the agro-industrial complex. Participants of the conference were from the leading institutions of Russian Federation, China, Turkey, France, Uzbekistan, Germany, Republic of Belarus (Instituto Politécnico Nacional, St. Petersburg Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Matrosov Institute for Systems Dynamics and Control Theory of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Southwest State University, Belgorod National Research University, Federal Research Center «Computer Science and Control», Russian Academy of Sciences, Namangan Engineering and Technology Institute, Technical University Of Munich, All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture, Belarusian State Agrarian Technical University, Volgograd State Technical University and others), dealing with problems of using artificial intelligence and digital technologies in technical systems. The outstanding performance of all the presenters made this conference truly spectacular. Main topics of the conference were:1. Mathematical modeling of socio-technical and organizational-economic systems.2. Modeling of natural-technical and agro-ecological processes.3. Artificial intelligence and neural network technologies in agricultural production.4. Modeling of innovative and technological processes in agricultural engineering.5. Modeling of reclamation and environmental technologies in agricultural production.6. Resource and technological support for the production of agricultural products.7. Seed production, plant breeding and biotechnology.8. Innovative technologies in solving economic problems in the agro-industrial complex.9. Modern electrical technologies, electrical equipment and power supply in rural areas.List of Committee is available in this Pdf.
ABSTRACT
Speed read 70 percent of emerging infectious diseases originate from animals 6,000 different species seized in the past two decades Risk assessments are as crucial as culturally sensitive measures A taste for wild meats such as pangolins and civets, often known as ‘forest foods’ in tropical and subtropical regions, makes the emergence of another global pandemic increasingly likely, four international organisations say. The paper was produced by the FAO, the French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD), the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) and the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), as part of their Sustainable Wildlife Management (SWM) Programme. According to the FAO, the rate of net forest loss is estimated to have been 4.7 million hectares per year in the past decade.
ABSTRACT
Not only can agricultural science and research help bolster the nutritional value of staple crops, but it can also produce hardier varieties that can withstand pests and disease, meaning more produce surviving to harvest and providing additional income as a buffer. Since 2013, quality potato seed, improved crop management and value chain approaches have helped more than two million smallholder farmers in Africa and Asia. [...]making the right crops available for changing climates and cultural environments, and improving the availability of resilient, adapted varieties relies on protecting a back catalogue of genetic material to safeguard different features of different crops. The economic benefits of conservation are clear: gene banks like CIP’s contributed almost three-quarters of the $1 billion generated by the Victoria potato variety alone in Uganda between 1991 and 2016, which is just one indication of the potential economic value of conservation and utilisation of genetic materials.
ABSTRACT
In response to the report, the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) is launching a new initiative with partners including the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) to improve livestock and plant production, says Aladdin Hamwieh, breeder, biotechnologist and Egypt country manager for ICARDA. See PDF] “The initiative is based on developing plants that tolerate drought and salinity, such as wheat, barley and chickpeas, through cross-breeding and transfer of genetic traits between different plants to benefit from them,” explains Hamwieh. Ukraine The number of people facing hunger is expected to increase this year as a result of several drivers, including the Russia-Ukraine war, according to the food crisis report released by the Food Security Information Network and the Global Network Against Food Crises.
ABSTRACT
Speed read Genomics has been crucial in COVID-19 response, driving research But many poor countries lack access to the technology First WHO Science Council report makes recommendations to address barriers The World Health Organization (WHO) has issued an urgent call to accelerate access to genomics, especially in resource-poor countries, in a report that examines technology gaps and opportunities. Genomics is the branch of science that uses methods from biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology to understand and use biological information in DNA and RNA to benefit medicine and public health — but the technology can also be used in agricultural research. While genomics technology is driving some of the most ground-breaking research in medical science, including COVID-19 vaccine research and development, its full potential is yet to be realised globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), according to the WHO Science Council’s inaugural report.
ABSTRACT
Purpose>The purpose of this paper is to describe the main ways in which large amounts of information have been integrated to provide new measures of food consumption and agricultural production, and new methods for gathering and analyzing internet-based data.Design/methodology/approach>This study reviews some of the recent developments and applications of big data, which is becoming increasingly popular in agricultural economics research. In particular, this study focuses on applications of new types of data such as text and graphics in consumers' online reviews emerging from e-commerce transactions and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data as well as other producer data that are gaining popularity in precision agriculture. This study then reviews data gathering techniques such as web scraping and data analytics tools such as textual analysis and machine learning.Findings>This study provides a comprehensive review of applications of big data in agricultural economics and discusses some potential future uses of big data.Originality/value>This study documents some new types of data that are being utilized in agricultural economics, sources and methods to gather and store such data, existing applications of these new types of data and techniques to analyze these new data.
ABSTRACT
It is reported that the rapid, targeted partnership response from the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) is supporting research projects that build resilience and respond to challenges the COVID-19 pandemic has presented to agriculture in partner countries. The ACIAR Alumni Research Support Facility (ARSF) has supported 66 alumni to undertake research to help with the pandemic recovery. Starting in 2020 and continuing in 2021, the ARSF projects cover a range of topics designed to address issues of importance to communities in the partner countries.
ABSTRACT
[...]we have substantial information across multiple disciplines on the drivers and consequences of food insecurity. According to the US Department of Agriculture's Economic Research Service, food insecurity among US households with children increased from 13.6% in 2019 to 14.8% in 2020, and this increase was greater in communities of color.1 For example, Dubowitz et al. found that low-income African Americans residing in food desert neighborhoods experienced greater increases in food insecurity between 2018 and 2020, from 20.7% to 36.9%, compared with the general population.2 The impact of food insecurity on health care utilization during the pandemic is equally disturbing. [...]supporting local farmers markets that accept produce vouchers will, in addition to increasing access to food banks and mobile pantries for older adults and individuals with limited mobility, enable local communities to meet and sustain local needs in providing healthy produce.
ABSTRACT
Krishikosh, a digital repository, is a collection of online resources. It is a large collection of Indian resources in agriculture and allied sectors which is both institutional and discipline wise of Indian National Agricultural Research and Education System (NARES). A large collection of thesis, old and valuable books, institutional publications, technical bulletins, project reports, lectures, preprints, reprints, records, etc. is available in Krishikosh (https://krishikosh.egranth. ac.in/). The repository has been designed using open source software with efficient Integrated Content Management System (ICMS), configured to meet the user requirements of a reliable digital repository. It is a customized digital repository platform where users can upload and manage their content in compliance with the open access policy of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research. This is a unique platform for sharing the intellectual outputs of the agricultural fraternity hosted by the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, (IARI), New Delhi. At present over 2,01,000 items are available on the krishikosh platform which includes students research work (>150,000 theses), old and valuable documents since 1948 in all major subjects of Agricultural and allied disciplines. The Krishikosh analytics shows over 1,87,23,710 hits on the website from 175 countries since 2017. The top ten countries visiting this digital platform were India, United States of America, Sudan, China, Russia, Ethiopia, Iran, Philippines, Nigeria and Indonesia. Google analytics, during the COVID 19 lockdown period (April-May 2020) indicates a monthly average hit of 6,93,295 indicating higher users on the Krishikosh repository during this time.
ABSTRACT
Institutional linkages and information flow between agricultural organizations play a critical role in addressing sustainability issues and promoting agrarian innovation. The aim of this study was to evaluate institutional relations and information between the various actors within the agricultural knowledge and information system (AKIS). The study focused on eight actors within the AKIS in Dakahlia governorate of Egypt, namely policy, extension, research, agricultural cooperatives, higher education, secondary education, credit, and the private sector. Thus, the survey sample included 11 representatives of each actor with 88 respondents. Data were collected by a standardized questionnaire distributed online. The graph theoretical technique was used for the quantitative assessment of information flow and institutional linkages established among actors. The findings indicated that agricultural extension ranked first about their real cause and effect on the rest of the system, having a value of 7.95. Two critical information pathways within the AKIS sustained innovation outcomes: (1) higher education–extension–agricultural cooperatives, (2) research–extension–agricultural cooperatives. The results also revealed that agricultural cooperatives ranked second after the extension component on the extent of supplying information to other members in the AKIS, with a value of 4.8. In contrast, the highest component received information from other components (7.6). By analyzing institutional linkages and information flow, this article gives insights to policymakers on the mechanisms that still need to be strengthened and the information gaps between actors to address the challenges of sustainable rural development.
ABSTRACT
The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic reinforced the central role of the One Health (OH) approach, as a multisectoral and multidisciplinary perspective, to tackle health threats at the human-animal-environment interface. This study assessed Brazilian preparedness and response to COVID-19 and zoonoses with a focus on the OH approach and equity dimensions. We conducted an environmental scan using a protocol developed as part of a multi-country study. The article selection process resulted in 45 documents: 79 files and 112 references on OH; 41 files and 81 references on equity. The OH and equity aspects are poorly represented in the official documents regarding the COVID-19 response, either at the federal and state levels. Brazil has a governance infrastructure that allows for the response to infectious diseases, including zoonoses, as well as the fight against antimicrobial resistance through the OH approach. However, the response to the pandemic did not fully utilize the resources of the Brazilian state, due to the lack of central coordination and articulation among the sectors involved. Brazil is considered an area of high risk for emergence of zoonoses mainly due to climate change, large-scale deforestation and urbanization, high wildlife biodiversity, wide dry frontier, and poor control of wild animals' traffic. Therefore, encouraging existing mechanisms for collaboration across sectors and disciplines, with the inclusion of vulnerable populations, is required for making a multisectoral OH approach successful in the country.
ABSTRACT
Based on provincial panel data for the past 15 years in China, the SBM-ML index method was used to measure agricultural productivity under the environmental-constraint perspective with agricultural surface source pollution as the non-desired output. A dynamic panel regression model was used to empirically analyze the factors influencing agricultural productivity to provide a reference for formulating policies to alleviate the conflict between economic development and environmental pollution. The results show that the green total factor productivity of Chinese agriculture exhibits a slow, incremental trend year by year. The growth of green total factor productivity in agriculture mainly comes from the increase in the rate of green technological progress. In terms of geographical disparity, the eastern, central, and western regions show a high-to-low gradient of agricultural green total factor productivity. Agricultural green total factor productivity showed a significant positive spatial correlation in some years. As for the influencing factors, foreign trade in agricultural products is conducive to enhancing green total factor productivity in agriculture, whereas foreign direct investment in agriculture and agricultural technology input inhibit the growth of green total factor productivity in agriculture. This research also found a significant U-shaped relationship between environmental management inputs and green total factor productivity in agriculture. Accordingly, suggestions are provided to optimize the international trade structure of agricultural products, selectively introduce high-quality green foreign investment projects, drive the efficiency of R&D investment through digital technology, and increase investment in special funds for agricultural pollution control.
ABSTRACT
A. SUMMARY OF CONFERENCE1. Introduction1.1. BackgroundThe Covid-19 pandemic has caused shocks not only in the health aspect but also in all aspects of the global community‟s life. It has significant effect in all sectors of the economy, including the agricultural sector. However, the agricultural sector, including the plantation sub-sector, is a sector that has been able to survive and even shows positive growth. On the other hand, the agricultural commodities from the plantation sector have been significant in job opportunities and export earnings. Major plantation crops such as oil palm, coconut, sago palm, rubber, coffee, cacao, tea, pepper, clove, medicinal plants, and sugarcane may continue their significant contribution to the economy of many tropical countries. These countries will still dominate as the world‟s leading producers of those plantations, at least soon. Plantation and agricultural sectors are labor-intensive. As these sectors are steadily expanding, a reliable workforce requirement has become one of the major issues resulting in huge dependency on capacity development to fulfill the rising need.The 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Plantation (ICSP) was virtually-held in collaboration between the Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University with Indonesian Center for Estate Crops Research and Development (ICECRD), The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), with involving the Indonesian Palmae Crops Research Institute (IPCRI), Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute (ISMCRI), and Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops ResearchList of Table, Images, Paper Publication, Funding Acknowledgements, Special Acknowledgements, List Of Committee, Organizing Committee are available in this pdf.
ABSTRACT
Severe price spikes of the major grain commodities and rapid expansion of cultivated area in the past two decades are symptoms of a severely stressed global food supply. Scientific discovery and improved agricultural productivity are needed and are enabled by unencumbered access to, and use of, genetic sequence data. In the same way the world witnessed rapid development of vaccines for COVID-19, genetic sequence data afford enormous opportunities to improve crop production. In addition to an enabling regulatory environment that allowed for the sharing of genetic sequence data, robust funding fostered the rapid development of coronavirus diagnostics and COVID-19 vaccines. A similar level of commitment, collaboration, and cooperation is needed for agriculture.
ABSTRACT
In 2020 Ireland missed its EU climate emissions target and without additional measures will not be on the right trajectory towards decarbonisation in the longer 2030 and 2050 challenges. Agriculture remains the single most significant contributor to overall emissions in Ireland. In the absence of effective mitigating strategies, agricultural emissions have continued to rise. The purpose of the review is to explore current research conducted in Ireland regarding environmental modelling within agriculture to identify research gap areas for further research. 10 models were selected and reviewed regarding modelling carbon emissions from agriculture in Ireland, the GAINS (Air pollution Interactions and Synergies) model used for air pollutants, the JRC-EU-TIMES, (Joint Research Council-European Union-The Integrated MARKAL-EFOM System) and the Irish TIMES model used for energy, the integrated modelling project Ireland (GAINS & TIMES), the environmental, economic model ENV-Linkages and ENV-Growth along with the IE3 and AGRI-I models. The review found that data on greenhouse gas emissions for 2019 reveals that emissions can be efficiently lowered if the right initiatives are taken. More precise emission factors and adaptable inventories are urgently needed to improve national CO2 reporting and minimise the agricultural sector’s emissions profile in Ireland. The Climate Action Delivery Act is a centrally driven monitoring and reporting system for climate action delivery that will help in determining optimal decarbonisation from agriculture in Ireland. Multi-modelling approaches will give a better understanding of the technology pathways that will be required to meet decarbonisation ambitions.